Laryngeal neoplasm mortality in Oklahoma: 1950-1970

A survey of death certificates of victims with laryngeal cancer in Oklahoma for the period 1950 to 1970 attempts to corroborate findings of the current literature. Sex-race specific death rates per 100,000 for white, nonwhite, and American Indian populaces displayed a distinct sex and racial pattern: respectively, 38.52, 28.11, and 12.52 for males; 5.25, 1.23, and 0 for females. Age-adjusted death rates per 100,000 for white males for the four consecutive five-year periods were 19.00, 21.64, 20.91, and 26.81; these rates show constant mortality for laryngeal cancer for the period between 1950 and 1965, followed by an increase of approximately 30% in the 1966 to 1970 interval. Similar analysis of the white females, nonwhite males, and nonwhite females did not reveal such a clear secular pattern, although the adjustment for age did preserve the sex and racial pattern indicated above. Age-adjusted laryngeal cancer death rates of 42.34, 46.14, and 48.51 for the rural, nonmetropolitan, and metropolitan counties, respectively, indicated a direct association between mortality and degree of urbanization. All findings appeared to be in concordance with those given in the recent literature.     

Whole body computed tomography in the diagnosis of abdominal and thoracic malignancy: review of 600 cases

Whole-body computed tomography (CT) was performed on 600 patients with known or suspected malignancy at the National Institutes of Health. This new diagnostic modality utilizes a finely columnated X-ray source mounted opposite a computer-linked detector bank to generate anatomic cross-sectional images of the body part being scanned. CT proved valuable in defining many pathologic processes and was, at times, deemed the only test short of exploratory surgery that yielded diagnostic information. This latter benefit was most acutely emphasized in lesions affecting the retroperitoneum, adrenal glands, pelvis, liver, and immediate subpleural pulmonary parenchyma.     

Analysis of empyrical factors for the determination of cardiac output

With a method by which no recirculation was possible the area of a dilution curve was obtained. On this basis it was searched what percentage represents the forward triangle of the total surface of the curve. The r?le of the V/F of the sampling system on this portion of the curve was studied, surface from which the empirical constants for the estimation of the cardiac output derivates. The data obtained suggest that the forward surface triangle was V/F dependent V/F less than 1 gave smaller forward triangles, the opposite was true with V/F greater than 1. It was also found that V/F greater than 1 subestimate the total surface of the dye curve, which means cardiac outputs higher than the real. The forward surface of the curve was reduced to a minimal percentage of the total curve when a V/F less than 1 was used. Situation that makes this area non useful to obtain from them empirical factors. If an empirical factor is use in order to measure cardiac output it had to be accepted that an important grade of error is introduced.     

Interferonogenic capacity of strains influenza B virus and their sensitivity to exogenous interferon

This study is a continuation of the investgation of the influence of endogenous and exogenous interferon on influenza infection. Influenza B virus strains, both laboratory and fresh isolates, were found to be poor interferon inducers in contrast to influenza A virus strains. The study also showed that influenza B virus strains not only induced endogenous interferon poorly but were also resistant to exogenous interferon. This evidence points to marked differences of the investigated influenza B virus strains not only induced endogenous interferon poorly but were also resistant to exogenous interferon. This evidence points to marked differences of the investigated influenza B virus strains from influenza A virus strains which further indicates their peculiar nature.     

Effects of 6-hydroxydopamine and pimozide on temperature maintenance by the chicken

Intraventricular implants of pimozide in adult white leghorn hens were used to block dopamine (DA) receptors, and 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) was injected intraventricularly to destroy the noradrenergic system locally. The hens were exposed to ambient temperatures of 5 and 35 degrees C, and their core temperature was measured. One hundred micrograms of 6-OHDA significantly reduced the norepinephrine (NE) but not the DA content of the hypothalamus and reduced the uptake of [3H]NE but not of [3H]DA by synaptosomes in vitro. Neither of the drug treatments nor their combination affected average core body temperature (Tb) at either 5 or 35 degrees C. Pimozide treatment caused a lower maximum Tb at 35 degrees C and a higher maximum Tb at 5 degrees C than the control treatment. No evidence was obtained that 6-OHDA treatment affected body temperature regulation. It is concluded that neither the DA nor the NE system is essential for normal temperature maintenance in the hen exposed to either 5 or 35 degrees C.     

G proteins in carotid body chemoreception

This study explored the efficacy of hepatic arterial therapy, comparing both injection and infusion of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) in prolonging the survival of 92 patients with recurrent unresectable hepatic metastasis from colorectal cancer. With respect to pretreatment carcinoembryonic antigen doubling time (CEA-DT), 56 patients were treated with intra-arterial injection, and 36 with intra-arterial infusion. In 21 patients with a CEA-DT of less than 40 days, the cumulative survival of patients treated with arterial injection was significantly longer than that of patients treated with arterial infusion. In 45 patients with a CEA-DT of 40-80 days, the survival curves of patients did not differ from each other. Of the remaining 26 patients with a CEA-DT of more than 80 days, those treated using arterial infusion had an excellent prognosis, in contrast to those treated using arterial injection, with statistical significance. CEA-DT may be useful when choosing a chemotherapy regimen, and may help to accurately establish the prognosis of patients with unresectable hepatic metastasis from colorectal cancer.